Use the full, official name the first time it appears in a document or section of a document. In general, avoid unnecessary capitals. When too many words are capitalized, they lose their importance and no longer attract attention. Capitalize only the complete and official names of colleges, schools, divisions, departments, offices and official bodies such as Board of Regents , Boulder Faculty Assembly , United Government of Graduate Students.
Lowercase informal and shortened versions of all such names. See also the department names section on this page. Capitalize the names of degrees unless they're referred to generically, as in the second example. Capitalize all words in a street name unless you are referring to more than one street, as in the second example.
Unless a committee, center, group, program or initiative is officially recognized and formally named, avoid capitalizing. Do capitalize the official, proper names of long-standing committees and groups and formally developed programs and initiatives.
In titles, capitalize the first word; the last word; the first word after a colon; and all nouns, verbs including short verbs, such as is , are , be , pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions of four or more letters with , before , through and conjunctions of four or more letters that , because.
Unless they fall into one of the previously listed categories, do not capitalize articles a , an , the unless they are part of a proper noun; conjunctions of fewer than four letters and , but , or , for , nor , so , yet ; nor prepositions of fewer than four letters on , of , to , by.
Style official course titles with initial capitals but without quotation marks, italics or any other formatting. Capitalize official department names and office names in running text. References using shortened or unofficial names should be lowercase. Capitalize geographical terms commonly accepted as proper names. In general, capitalize words that designate regions, but lowercase words that indicate compass directions. Following the general rules of capitalization, full formal or accepted titles of plans, policies, laws and similar documents or agreements, together with names of programs resulting from them, are usually capitalized.
Incomplete names are lowercased. Capitalize grade letters and use an apostrophe when plural. Use one or two decimal places as necessary when writing GPAs. When a person has a very long title, put the title after the name to avoid clumsy syntax and too much capitalization.
When a title appears in an address or other display format such as list of administrators in an annual report , as opposed to running text, the title can be capitalized even if it appears after the name. There is still considerable confusion about whether to capitalize university when the word refers to the University of Colorado. Skip to main content Press Enter.
Skip auxiliary navigation Press Enter. Skip main navigation Press Enter. Toggle navigation. Search Options. Capitalize the word following a colon only if it begins a complete sentence. Capitalize the first letters of words that start bullets, even when the bulleted items are not complete sentences. Capitalize board of directors when it is part of a proper name, e. Lowercase board of directors when used alone or before the proper title, e.
And if still in doubt, lowercase. Except for acronyms and some abbreviations, avoid capitalizing all the letters in a word, sentence, heading, headline or phrase--including brand names, logos and trademarks.
If necessary for emphasis, try other typographical uses, such as boldfacing, italics,color,type sizeand different butcomplementary typefaces. Also see headlines, headings; underlining.
Capitalization of abbreviations and acronyms varies. For guidance, see abbreviations and acronyms, entries in this style guide for specific words and terms, and your dictionary. Although the abbreviation or acronym is capitalized for some common or generic nouns and terms, lowercase the spelled-out form; for example, see environmental impact statement.
Capitalize the first word of every sentence, heading and headline, including quoted statements and direct questions. Even if a person, business or organization begins its name with a lowercase letter, capitalize the first letter of the name at the beginning of sentences, headings and headlines: Gary de Shazo won the design award.
De Shazo expressed appreciation for the support of his colleagues. Capitalize proper nouns that specifically name a person, place or thing, unless a person, business or organization requests a lowercase first letter. If a name begins with a lowercase letter, capitalize the first letter of the name at the beginning of sentences and headlines. Capitalize common nouns such as party, river and street when they are an integral part of the full name for a person, place or thing: Ballinger Street, Rheinard River, Democratic Party, Puget Sound.
Lowercase these common nouns when they stand alone in later references: the party, the river, the street, the sound. Lowercase common noun elements of names in all plural uses: Democratic and Republican parties, Ackley and Messer streets, th and th avenues southeast.
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